Eenhana is the regional capital of Ohangwena region, one of the four administrative regions in northern Namibia. The region forms a long, narrow stretch to the south of the Angolan border. The capital is located in the north-western part of the region. Ohangwena region the second smallest of the North-Central economic Region (NCR) with an area size of 10,694 square kilometers. It borders to the west to the Omusati Region, to the south on the Oshana and Oshikoto Region and to the east on the Kavango region. The Region is demarcated into eleven constituencies of which Eenhana is the third largest.

Though the Region has a smaller area size, its population size of 225,774 people is the highest in the NCR, followed by Omusati, which is the largest region in the NCR. This accounts for a high population density, particularly in the north-western part of the region with more than 100 per square kilometer and thinning out towards the east with below 20 people per square kilometer. The major vernacular language group in Ohangwena region is Oshiwambo with its dominant local dialect of Oshikwanyama spoken. In the south-eastern part of the Region, the indigenous language, Xun of the San community is spoken.

The Region has two landscape characteristics. In a small part of the west, where the population density is highest, the Cuvelai drainage system features prominently, whereas the main part of the Region belongs to the north-eastern Kalahari woodland. The   system is an unusual drainage system in a flat landscape dominated by a network of shallow channels, or Oshanas. These Oshanas periodically carry water after heavy local rains or good falls in highland areas some 300 km to the north in Angola. This part of the Region has attracted most of the population due to relatively fertile soils and shallow wells. The major part of the Region is however dominated by impressive dense indigenous woodland growing on sands, with a high concentration of Kiaat, a valuable timber tree because of the durability and attractive grain of the wood. These qualities make it useful for furniture, building materials for rural homes and decorative carvings. These species however, continues to suffer from bush fires and excessive logging. It is listed in the World List of Threatened Trees. Whilst the Cuvelai system has basically no ground water (except in shallow wells), there are moderately productive porous aquifers in most of the central and eastern parts of the country.

Land in the Region is communally owned, except in the promulgated local authority areas of Eenhana and Helao Nafidi. About 90 % of the land is cleared for cultivation in the Cuvelai area, whereas in the greater part of the Kalahari woodland the clearing ratio is less than 20 %. The population is mainly rural and subsistence agriculture dominates much of the lives of poorer households. Having enough labour to plant, weed and harvest at exactly the right time in the season is often a major problem. In addition to rain fed agriculture of mainly millet, sorghum and beans, Ohangwena Region has the highest rated carrying capacity for livestock in the NCR, a fact which put pressure on the land and its natural forests. Only a small part of the extreme eastern part of the Region, bordering the Kavango Region has a protected state forest. Conservancies have not been registered in the Region, although there is a communally managed forest in the Okongo constituency.

Eenhana was proclaimed as a local authority and as a capital city of Ohangwena region on the 15th April 1999. Since then, it has been the only proclaimed town in the entire region until a new sister town of Helao Nafidi was proclaimed as a local authority in 2004. The Region has two main road arteries: the main tarred road running in a north southerly direction connects the important urban center of Ondangwa and Oshikango on the Angolan border and constitutes the northern extension of the Trans Caprivi highway and the road branching off to the east through the entire Region at Onhuno, which is tarred just up to beyond Eenhana connects the Region with the Kavango Region. Once tarred, this road link will be essential addition to the Trans-Caprivi highway. The branch from Onhuno to the south west of Oshakati via Endola, which is not surfaced, constitutes an important district road. The other important surfaced road connects the Regional capital with Oshigambo and Ondangwa. Most of the central and eastern parts of the Region have, apart from the main road going through it, no other build up road network. Due to the fact that human settlement in the Region is concentrated in the Cuvelai, Eenhana and Okongo areas and the main road passing through these areas, the other infrastructure and services are also concentrated in these areas. Eenhana has an air strip. There are three hospitals in the Region, particularly in Eenhana, Okongo and Engela. The regional Police head quarters and the Regional Magistrate’s court plus other major government ministries and departments are also in Eenhana. Many areas of the central and eastern parts are connected to electricity and partly to tele-communications and mobile tele-communications, although water supply has not yet reached those parts. Most of the rural population in the region has limited access to portable water.

The remoteness, rural character and unique, beautiful nature of the region also have a down side to it. Ohanngwena region has one of the lowest Human Development Indices (0.588), well below the national average of 0.648 and a Human Poverty Index of 31.2, which makes it one of poorest regions in Namibia.

Eenhana constituency has a medium population size in comparison with other constituencies in the Region, with a total number of 24,193 people of which an estimated 10,000 people live in the town of Eenhana. Population growth has not been measured in Eenhana but it can be expected that the town will have a relatively high immigration as people are likely to flock to the town in search of employment and better living conditions, since the town is rapidly growing into a self sufficient urban settlement, where affordable housing facilities and access to banking, shopping and other basic necessities are becoming readily available. The construction of a Vocational Training Center is also likely to have an influence on the population growth of Eenhana.